QUOTE(exorcist_1699 @ Mar 29 2008, 05:08 AM)

Enlightenment can never be the research target of psychology as some people may try to do . Any such an attempt will be futile .
How can a big Wisdom be studied and sliced by a limited, trivial discipline ?
Science is indeed a limited form of gaining knowledge and psychology more limited still...but just because something is limited does that necessarily make it futile and trivial? The life of a human being is limited, it begins one second and ends another. The human being while alive suffers greatly due to its own limitations. Does this make the life of a human being-the futile experience of a trivial existence?
If we accept the possibility of enlightenment-then it appears that life does have some purpose (to gain enlightenment) therefore it is not futile and being a human has some value (humans can become enlightened) therefore it is not trivial.
If you examine your initial statement you will find that it contradicts itself. Enlightenment has been the subject of psychological research (as some people may try to do) which negates your previous assertion that enlightenment could never be "the research target of psychology." You qualify that any such attempts (though impossible according to your first statement) will be futile.
I am not tearing your words apart to pick on you, I am merely pointing out that you are not expressing what I think you wish to express. I think you want to say that psychology (or any science for that matter) can never fully understand enlightenment from its own limited perspective. This is a statement that I can agree with-however I must point out that the scientific method is designed to collect data objectively...understanding is not part of the method. Understanding may never come but this does not in any way hinder the process of observation.
Having been one of those misguided individuals who studied and sliced, I thought perhaps I could give you some idea of how we went about doing what we did. First of all, in psychology (or should I say psychophysiology since that is what we were doing) we take this concept of enlightenment that pervades human culture and say, "What is enlightenment and can be objectively verified?"
History is full of examples of enlightened individuals, as well as detailed descriptions of the enlightened state. Based on these many individuals in the current era assert that enlightenment does exist and that there are various means of attaining this state. The world today is a supermarket of enlightenment, with teachers on every aisle who are ready to show you the way to get there.
One of our psychological methodologies was to find individuals who self-report being enlightened (a difficult task to say the least) and then interview them to find out what experiences they have had which leads them to conclude that they have achieved enlightenment. We compare the interviews of these individuals with each other and determine the most commonly reported experiences. This process does not allow us to assess in an objective way the concept of enlightenment but it does allow us to find out more about people who report being enlightened.
This is an extremely subjective approach that is fraught with problems. The first of these being that the most commonly reported experiences of enlightenment are identical to historical descriptions of enlightenment. While many self reporters would see this condition as adding validity to their claims, the argument could be made that people desire this enlightened state-which is described by their tradition-and then shape their own experiences to fit the mold (or better yet, shape their description of their experiences to fit the mold since there is no way to verify whether or not they had the experience at all)
The question then becomes, "How do we overcome the subjective nature of human experience to verify that enlightenment is more than just a myth?" Most spiritual seekers would say, "By knowing it for ourselves and feeling it in our own mind and heart." This view embraces subjectivity but does not overcome it.
The source of subjectivity is the brain. All functions of the body correspond to functions of the brain. All sensory and cognative functions correspond to functions of the brain. What neuroscience has also found is that different subjective states of consciousness are characterized by different patterns of neural functioning. Until the 20th Century the ability to measure the electrical activity of the brain (EEG) was unavailable and no method for objective verification of consciousness existed. Now with this technology (combined with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Positronic Emission Tomography) not only can we observe how the brain functions but the specific structures involved with that function as it happens.
That's pretty cool...but how does it relate to enlightenment? By our thinking, the subjective experience of enlightenment if it is not a myth must have some neurological component that differentiates it from the common experience. We compare the brain activity of our self-reported enlightened people with the brain activity of people that we find on the street (who neither claim to be enlightened nor have any knowledge of what our study is about) and we find some interesting things. The findings are not conclusive nor do they confirm or deny that our self-reportering enlightened people are actually enlightened.
We have found that different forms of meditation have specific effects on the brain...you are not wasting your time meditating; something is really happening neurologically-and from what we know about the brain-the effects are good. We have also found that the brains of long-term meditators operate differently than non-meditators during activity-which seems to indicate that you carry the good neurological effects of meditation with you into the rest of your day. The longer that you meditate (in years) the more similar your brain function during tasks is to your brain function during meditation. This observation alone is objective evidence that a state of enlightenment could possibly exist. (Brain functioning during tasks could be identical to brain functioning during meditation)
I said all of this just to say: If you accept that science has limitations and work within the boundries of those limitations then there is no reason whatsoever that a scientific examination of enlightenment cannot be attempted. There is also no reason that such an examination should be deemed futile. It is easy for the scientist to dismiss the spiritual path as pure hocus-pocus and goobledegook. It is just as easy for the spiritual seeker to scoff at the arrogant ideology of empiricism at the basis of the scientific method. For the seeker and the scientist to meet on a common ground and view each other with equal dignity is difficult for both to do but I think it is a beautiful thing.